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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">voplit</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Вопросы литературы</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Voprosy literatury</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">0042-8795</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Avtonomnaja nekommercheskaja organizacija Redakcija zhurnala kritiki i literaturovedenija «Voprosy literatury»</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.31425/0042-8795-2024-6-83-98</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">voplit-777</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ПОЭТИКА ЖАНРА</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>POETICS OF GENRES</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>«Мир наизнанку» в средневековом французском романе</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>‘The world inside out’ in the French mediaeval romance</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Долгорукова</surname><given-names>Н. М.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Dolgorukova</surname><given-names>N. M.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Наталья Михайловна Долгорукова - кандидат филологических наук, PhD</p><p>101000, Российская Федерация, г. Москва, ул. Мясницкая, д. 11</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Natalia M. Dolgorukova - Candidate of Philology, PhD</p><p>11 Myasnitskaya St., Moscow, 101000</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">natalia.dolgoroukova@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Аббасова</surname><given-names>А. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Abbasova</surname><given-names>A. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Алена Арифовна Аббасова - студент, стажер-исследователь</p><p>101000, Российская Федерация, г. Москва, ул. Мясницкая, д. 11</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Alyona A. Abbasova - undergraduate student, research intern</p><p>11 Myasnitskaya St., Moscow, 101000</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">abbasovahel@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Национальный исследовательский университет «Высшая школа экономики»</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>National Research University Higher School of Economics</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2024</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>08</day><month>12</month><year>2024</year></pub-date><volume>0</volume><issue>6</issue><fpage>83</fpage><lpage>98</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Avtonomnaja nekommercheskaja organizacija Redakcija zhurnala kritiki i literaturovedenija «Voprosy literatury», 2024</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2024</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Avtonomnaja nekommercheskaja organizacija Redakcija zhurnala kritiki i literaturovedenija «Voprosy literatury»</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Avtonomnaja nekommercheskaja organizacija Redakcija zhurnala kritiki i literaturovedenija «Voprosy literatury»</copyright-holder><license xlink:href="https://www.voplit.com/jour/about/submissions#copyrightNotice" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>https://www.voplit.com/jour/about/submissions#copyrightNotice</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.voplit.com/jour/article/view/777">https://www.voplit.com/jour/article/view/777</self-uri><abstract><p>В статье представлен анализ пародийного мотива (по М. Бахтину, «мир наоборот» или «мир наизнанку»), который является ключевым для верного историко-генетического объяснения многих особенностей романного жанра. Прослеживается его генезис и функционирование во французских романах XII–XIII веков. Приложение к статье содержит рабочие записи Бахтина о менипповой сатире, в большинстве своем ранее не опубликованные. Публикация подготовлена Н. Долгоруковой и С. Сандлером.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>The article analyzes the motif of parody (in Bakhtin’s terms, ‘the world inside out’), which offers the key to an accurate historical-genetic interpretation of many characteristics specific to the novel as a genre. In the fourth chapter of his Problems of Dostoevsky’s Poetics [Problemy poetiki Dostoevskogo], Bakhtin describes carnivalesque life as one that is thrown off its usual track and somewhat resembles ‘life inside out,’ ‘the world in reverse,’ or ‘monde à l’envers.’ The same chapter contains Bakhtin’s claim that the origins of the motif go as far back as the Hellenistic and Roman traditions, and the Middle Ages and Renaissance. The article traces the genesis of the motif and its role in the 12th- and 13th-c. French romances, suggesting that, like Dostoevsky’s works, they could provide Bakhtin with examples of characteristics typical of Menippean satire. Supplementing the article are Bakhtin’s hitherto unpublished working notes on Menippean satire which were prepared for publication by N. Dolgorukova and S. Sandler.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>М. 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