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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">voplit</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Вопросы литературы</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Voprosy literatury</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">0042-8795</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Avtonomnaja nekommercheskaja organizacija Redakcija zhurnala kritiki i literaturovedenija «Voprosy literatury»</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.31425/0042-8795-2024-1-116-146</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">voplit-707</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>СРАВНИТЕЛЬНАЯ ПОЭТИКА. А. С. Пушкин</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>COMPARATIVE STUDIES. A. S. Pushkin</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Гравитация текста, или Еще раз о «Капитанской дочке» Пушкина и романах Вальтер Скотта</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Text gravitation, or Once more about A. Pushkin’s The Captain’s Daughter [Kapitanskaya dochka] and W. Scott’s novels</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Виноградова</surname><given-names>Е. Ю.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Vinogradova</surname><given-names>E. Y.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Екатерина Юрьевна Виноградова - кандидат филологических наук</p><p>125047, г. Москва, Миусская пл., д. 6</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Ekaterina Y. Vinogradova - Candidate of Philology</p><p>6 Miusskaya Sq., Moscow, 125047,</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">ekvin@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Российский государственный гуманитарный университет</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Russian State University for the Humanities</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2024</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>05</day><month>02</month><year>2024</year></pub-date><volume>0</volume><issue>1</issue><fpage>116</fpage><lpage>146</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Avtonomnaja nekommercheskaja organizacija Redakcija zhurnala kritiki i literaturovedenija «Voprosy literatury», 2024</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2024</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Avtonomnaja nekommercheskaja organizacija Redakcija zhurnala kritiki i literaturovedenija «Voprosy literatury»</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Avtonomnaja nekommercheskaja organizacija Redakcija zhurnala kritiki i literaturovedenija «Voprosy literatury»</copyright-holder><license xlink:href="https://www.voplit.com/jour/about/submissions#copyrightNotice" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>https://www.voplit.com/jour/about/submissions#copyrightNotice</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.voplit.com/jour/article/view/707">https://www.voplit.com/jour/article/view/707</self-uri><abstract><p>В статье сопоставляются «Капитанская дочка» Пушкина и романы Вальтер Скотта на уровне жанрового слова. В итоге делается вывод о речевой (жанровой) противоположности двух романов, об их различной «гравитации». Термин гравитация введен по аналогии с пониманием этой категории в физике.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>Walter Scott’s Rob Roy and Pushkin’s The Captain’s Daughter [Kapitanskaya dochka], similar in plot, could not be more different in speech organization. Pushkin’s speech genre is unique as a lightly gravitating text: short and verb-dominated sentences, compressed action, and a fast-paced narration that avoids lengthy descriptions of material objects. The implied reader’s role in both authors’ novels also differs. While Scott’s reader experiences the events in progress, Pushkin’s ‘incomplete present’ (Bakhtin) does not take shape. The reader of The Captain’s Daughter does not live the time through with its characters but uses their analytical skill to relate symmetrical episodes and images. The light gravitation of the text prevents the reader from immersing themselves into the novel’s progress, but allows to conceptualize the philosophy of history. Part of the article is dedicated to French translations of English novels in Pushkin’s days. The statistical data of the average sentence length in Pushkin’s works and other writers’ output demonstrates that The Captain’s Daughter holds a truly unique place.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>А. Пушкин</kwd><kwd>В. Скотт</kwd><kwd>«Капитанская дочка»</kwd><kwd>«Роб Рой»</kwd><kwd>исторический роман</kwd><kwd>перевод</kwd><kwd>хронотоп</kwd><kwd>вещный мир</kwd><kwd>средняя длина предложения</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>A. Pushkin</kwd><kwd>W. Scott</kwd><kwd>The Captain’s Daughter [Kapitanskaya dochka]</kwd><kwd>Rob Roy</kwd><kwd>historical novel</kwd><kwd>translation</kwd><kwd>chronotope</kwd><kwd>the material world</kwd><kwd>average sentence length</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Альтшуллер М. Г. Эпоха Вальтера Скотта в России. Исторический роман 1830-х годов. СПб.: Академический проект, 1996.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">A catalogue of online calculators. [n. d.] [online] Allcalc.ru. Available at: https://allcalc.ru/ [Accessed 29 Sept. 2023]. (In Russ.)</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit2"><label>2</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Бахтин М. М. Проблемы творчества Достоевского. Киев: Next, 1994.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Altshuller, M. (1996). The era of Walter Scott in Russia. 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