<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE article PUBLIC "-//NLM//DTD JATS (Z39.96) Journal Publishing DTD v1.3 20210610//EN" "JATS-journalpublishing1-3.dtd">
<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">voplit</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Вопросы литературы</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Voprosy literatury</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">0042-8795</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Avtonomnaja nekommercheskaja organizacija Redakcija zhurnala kritiki i literaturovedenija «Voprosy literatury»</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.31425/0042-8795-2022-1-55-73</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">voplit-512</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ПОЛИТИЧЕСКИЙ ДИСКУРС</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>POLITICAL DISCOURSE</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Пушкин и польский вопрос</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Pushkin and the Polish question</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Есипов</surname><given-names>В. М.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Essipov</surname><given-names>V. M.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Виктор Михайлович Есипов, литературовед</p><p>121069, г. Москва, ул. Поварская, д. 25а</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Viktor M. Essipov, literary critic</p><p>25а Povarskaya St., Moscow, 121069</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">wogeman@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Институт мировой литературы имени А. М. Горького Российской академии наук</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>A. M. Gorky Institute of World Literature of the Russian Academy of Sciences</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2022</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>05</day><month>04</month><year>2022</year></pub-date><volume>0</volume><issue>1</issue><fpage>55</fpage><lpage>73</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Avtonomnaja nekommercheskaja organizacija Redakcija zhurnala kritiki i literaturovedenija «Voprosy literatury», 2022</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2022</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Avtonomnaja nekommercheskaja organizacija Redakcija zhurnala kritiki i literaturovedenija «Voprosy literatury»</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Avtonomnaja nekommercheskaja organizacija Redakcija zhurnala kritiki i literaturovedenija «Voprosy literatury»</copyright-holder><license xlink:href="https://www.voplit.com/jour/about/submissions#copyrightNotice" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>https://www.voplit.com/jour/about/submissions#copyrightNotice</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.voplit.com/jour/article/view/512">https://www.voplit.com/jour/article/view/512</self-uri><abstract><p>В статье рассматриваюВ статье рассматриваются отношения России и Польши, начиная с решения Венского конгресса 1815 года о присоединении к России Варшавского княжества и заканчивая поражением Польского восстания 1830–1831 годов, и взгляд Пушкина на так называемый польский вопрос. Позиция Пушкина заключалась в том, что Россия и Польша — два исконно враждующих славянских государства и борьба между ними является семейной славянской распрей, в которую не должна вмешиваться Европа.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>The history of the Russo-Polish political relationship, from the Congress of Vienna settlement of 1815, which granted Russia a major part of the Duchy of Warsaw, to the failed Polish Uprising of 1830–1831, provides a context for the discussion of Pushkin’s view of the so-called Polish question. Pushkin argued that the two Slavic states, Russia and Poland, had been permanently at odds, and that their conflict should be seen as a familial dispute of two Slavic nations, in which Europe should not meddle. A historian Pushkin believed that Poland should accept Russia’s sovereignty and become absorbed by its neighbour; otherwise, it would pose a constant threat to Russia’s very existence and safety. He embraced the idea as early as the late 1810s under the influence of ideas promoted by Russian patriots and exemplified by writings of the Arzamas Society and the Union of Salvation members, the latter being an early secret society behind the Decembrist revolt. In this regard, we can also talk about N. Karamzin’s influence on Pushkin. Karamzin was known to have doggedly criticised the decision of the Emperor Alexander I to grant Poland a constitution and political autonomy.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>А. Пушкин</kwd><kwd>Александр I</kwd><kwd>Россия</kwd><kwd>Польша</kwd><kwd>конституция</kwd><kwd>восстание</kwd><kwd>война</kwd><kwd>поэзия</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>A. Pushkin</kwd><kwd>Alexander I</kwd><kwd>Russia</kwd><kwd>Poland</kwd><kwd>a constitution</kwd><kwd>an uprising</kwd><kwd>a war</kwd><kwd>poetry</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">«Арзамас»: Сборник в 2 кн. Кн. 2: Из литературного наследия «Арзамаса» / Под общ. ред. В. Э. Вацуро и А. Л. Осповата. М.: Художественная литература, 1994.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Blagoy, D. et al., eds. (1996a). The collected works of А. Pushkin (19 vols). Vol. 12. Moscow: Voskresenie. (In Russ.)</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit2"><label>2</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Вяземский П. А. Записные книжки (1813–1848). М.: АН СССР, 1963.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Blagoy, D. et al., eds. (1996b). The collected works of А. Pushkin (19 vols). Vol. 14. Moscow: Voskresenie. (In Russ.)</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit3"><label>3</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Долинин А. А. Из разысканий вокруг «Анчара» // Долинин А. А. Пушкин и Англия: Цикл статей. М.: НЛО, 2007. С. 54–94.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Dolinin, A. (2007). From the studies of ‘The Upas Tree’ [‘Anchar’]. In: A. Dolinin, Pushkin and England: A cycle of articles, pp. 54-94. Moscow: NLO. (In Russ.)</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit4"><label>4</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Карамзин Н. М. Мнение русского гражданина // Неизданные сочинения и переписка Николая Михайловича Карамзина. Ч. 1. СПб.: В тип. Н. Тиблена и комп., 1862. С. 3–20. URL: http://dugward.ru/library/karamzin/karamzin_mnenie_russkogo_grajdanina.html (дата обращения: 01.06.2021).</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Karamzin, N. (1862). The opinion of a Russian citizen. In: The unpublished works and letters of Nikolay Mikhaylovich Karamzin. Part 1. St. Petersburg: V tip. N. Tiblena et al., pp. 3-20. (In Russ.)</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit5"><label>5</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Кока Г. М. Стихотворение «К бюсту завоевателя» // Пушкин: Исследования и материалы. Т. 2 / Под ред. М. П. Алексеева. М.; Л.: АН СССР, 1958. С. 324–333. URL: http://feb-web.ru/feb/pushkin/serial/is2/is2-324-htm?cmd=p (дата обращения: 01.06.2021).</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Koka, G. (1958). Poem ‘To the Bust of the Conqueror’ [‘K byustu zavoevatelya’]. In: M. Alekseev, ed., Pushkin: Materials and research. Vol. 2. Moscow, Leningrad: AN SSSR, pp. 324-333. (In Russ.)</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit6"><label>6</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Летопись жизни и творчества А. С. Пушкина. В 4 тт. / Сост. М. А. Цявловский. Т. 2. М.: Слово, 1999.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Mironenko, S. (1989). Autocracy and reforms. Political struggle in Russia in the early 19th c. Moscow: Nauka. (In Russ.)</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit7"><label>7</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Мироненко С. В. Самодержавие и реформы. Политическая борьба в России в начале XIX в. М.: Наука, 1989.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Mironenko, S. (1990). Pages of the secret history of autocracy: Political history of Russia in the first half of the 19th c. Moscow: Mysl. (In Russ.)</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit8"><label>8</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Мироненко С. В. Страницы тайной истории самодержавия: Политическая история России первой половины XIX в. М.: Мысль, 1990.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Russkiy Arkhiv. (1879). Issue 3. (In Russ.)</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit9"><label>9</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Остафьевский архив князей Вяземских. В 5 тт. / Под ред. и с примеч. В. И. Саитова. Т. 1. М.: Век, 1994.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Safonov, M. (2013). Rzeczpospolita and Decembrism. Part III: Key problems in the history of Russian-Polish relations. St. Petersburg: Eydos. (In Russ.)</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit10"><label>10</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Пушкин А. С. Полн. собр. соч. в 19 тт. Т. 12 / Ред. Д. Д. Благой и др. М.: Воскресенье, 1996a.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Saitov, V., ed. (1994). Ostafievsky Archive of the Princes of Vyazemsky (5 vols). Vol. 1. Moscow: Vek. (In Russ.)</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit11"><label>11</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Пушкин А. С. Полн. собр. соч. в 19 тт. Т. 14. 1996b. Русский архив. 1879. № 3.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Shaytanov, I. (1995). Geographical problems of Russian history (Chaadaev and Pushkin in the debate about universality). Voprosy Literatury, 6, pp. 160-203. (In Russ.)</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit12"><label>12</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Сафонов М. М. Речь Посполитая и декабризм. Часть III: Узловые проблемы в истории российско-польских отношений. СПб.: Эйдос, 2013.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Tsyavlovsky, M., ed. (1999). Chronicle of A. S. Pushkin’s life and work (4 vols). Vol. 2. Moscow: Slovo. (In Russ.)</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit13"><label>13</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Шайтанов И. О. Географические трудности русской истории (Чаадаев и Пушкин в споре о всемирности) // Вопросы литературы. 1995. № 6. С. 160–203.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Vatsuro, V. and Ospovat, A., eds. (1994). ‘Arzamas’: A collection (2 books). Book 2: From the ‘Arzamas’ literary heritage. Moscow: Khudozhestvennaya literatura. (In Russ.)</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit14"><label>14</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Vyazemsky, P. (1963). Notebooks (1813-1848). Moscow: AN SSSR. (In Russ.)</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Vyazemsky, P. (1963). Notebooks (1813-1848). Moscow: AN SSSR. (In Russ.)</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref></ref-list><fn-group><fn fn-type="conflict"><p>The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.</p></fn></fn-group></back></article>
