voplitВопросы литературыVoprosy literatury0042-8795Avtonomnaja nekommercheskaja organizacija Redakcija zhurnala kritiki i literaturovedenija «Voprosy literatury»10.31425/0042-8795-2021-5-188-210voplit-482Research ArticleИСТОРИЯ ИДЕЙHISTORY OF IDEASПочему английским реформаторам демонизация ведьм удалась, а демонизация фей — нетWhy the English Reformation succeeded demonising witches but failed with fairiesЗелезинскаяН. С.ZelezinskayaN. S.

Наталья Станиславовна Зелезинская, кандидат филологических наук

220030, г. Минск, пр. Независимости, д. 4

Natalia S. Zelezinskaya, Candidate of Philology

4 Nezavisimosti Av., Minsk, 220030

zelennew@tut.byБелорусский государственный университетБеларусьBelarusian State UniversityBelarus20212911202105188210Copyright © Avtonomnaja nekommercheskaja organizacija Redakcija zhurnala kritiki i literaturovedenija «Voprosy literatury», 20212021Avtonomnaja nekommercheskaja organizacija Redakcija zhurnala kritiki i literaturovedenija «Voprosy literatury»Avtonomnaja nekommercheskaja organizacija Redakcija zhurnala kritiki i literaturovedenija «Voprosy literatury»https://www.voplit.com/jour/about/submissions#copyrightNoticehttps://www.voplit.com/jour/article/view/482

В статье рассматриваются трансформации, привнесенные Шекспиром в традицию художественного изображения фей, сложившуюся под влиянием демонизации сверхъестественных существ в раннее Новое время. Статья преследует цель показать масштаб и значимость взаимовлияния культуры и литературы.

The article aims to explain the significance of Shakespeare’s transformations of the fairy image (A Midsummer Night’s Dream), which represent a shiſt in English mentality in early modern times and establish astill relevant tradition. The author follows the evolution of the perception of thesupernatural in popular consciousness, contemporary documents (bestiaries, treatises, and court proceedings), as well as literature (Spenser, Chaucer, and Milton). N. Zelezinskaya proceeds to identify the factors influencing the image of fairies in a religious, cultural, and philosophical context: opinions of d’Abano, Buridan, and Pomponazzi; the division into divine and false miracles, the Protestant crusade against the belief in spirits, the association of fairies with Papism, Elizabethan masquerades, and fears of James I and others. The article mentions the two traditions in thedepiction of fairies and explores the unique quality of Shakespearean images: agglutination of the two traditions in the same play, transformed appearance of fairies, distancing from the witchcraſt discourse, enhancement of positive connotations, and downgrading of the fairy queen’s image.

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The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.