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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">voplit</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Вопросы литературы</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Voprosy literatury</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">0042-8795</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Avtonomnaja nekommercheskaja organizacija Redakcija zhurnala kritiki i literaturovedenija «Voprosy literatury»</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.31425/0042-8795-2021-2-203-220</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">voplit-437</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ЗАРУБЕЖНАЯ ЛИТЕРАТУРА / Италия</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>WORLD LITERATURE / Italy</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Пиранделло: теория и практика «юморизма»</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Pirandello: a theory and practice of «humorism»</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Андреев</surname><given-names>М. Л.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Andreev</surname><given-names>M. L.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Андреев Михаил Леонидович - доктор филологических наук.</p><p>121069, Москва, ул. Поварская, д. 25а.</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Mikhail L. Andreev - Doctor of Philology.</p><p>25a Povarskaya St., Moscow, 121069.</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">mikhailandreev1@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Институт мировой литературы Российской академии наук; Российская академия народного хозяйства и государственной службы при Президенте Российской Федерации; Национальный исследовательский университет «Высшая школа экономики»</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>A.M. Gorky Institute of World Literature of the RAS; Russian Presidential Academy of National Economy and Public Administration; National Research University — Higher School of Economics</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2021</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>17</day><month>06</month><year>2021</year></pub-date><volume>0</volume><issue>2</issue><fpage>203</fpage><lpage>220</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Avtonomnaja nekommercheskaja organizacija Redakcija zhurnala kritiki i literaturovedenija «Voprosy literatury», 2021</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2021</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Avtonomnaja nekommercheskaja organizacija Redakcija zhurnala kritiki i literaturovedenija «Voprosy literatury»</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Avtonomnaja nekommercheskaja organizacija Redakcija zhurnala kritiki i literaturovedenija «Voprosy literatury»</copyright-holder><license xlink:href="https://www.voplit.com/jour/about/submissions#copyrightNotice" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>https://www.voplit.com/jour/about/submissions#copyrightNotice</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.voplit.com/jour/article/view/437">https://www.voplit.com/jour/article/view/437</self-uri><abstract><p>Целью литературы Пиранделло объявил аналитическое разложение реальности. Руководствуясь этим постулатом, он близко подошел к деконструкции тех инструментов, которыми оперировал — романа и драмы. В романе его действия были менее радикальными: форма полностью обновлена не была. В драматургии он пошел дальше, опрокинув исходные оппозиции — в первую очередь, оппозицию искусства и действительности.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>What defines the special character of Pirandello's works is the fact that he creates his own literary movement, which draws on the duality of theoretical and practical aspects. His own practice led Pirandello to the creation of a theory (‘humorism') that declares analytical dismantling of reality to be the ultimate goal of literature in order to depict the world as a series of illusions devoid of a unifying central idea. Guided by this postulate, Pirandello was close to deconstruction of the tools he used, namely the novel and the play. His reimagining of the novel was less radical: the revision of this form remained incomplete. His reforms of playwriting principles were more advanced, as Pirandello problematised and rejected traditional oppositions — primarily, the opposition of art to reality. In The Mountain Giants [I giganti della montagna], his final and unfinished play, Pirandello attempted to create a myth about art as a medium between the material and the ideal, but, confined to the rules of ‘humorism', he remained trapped by this contradiction.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>Л. Пиранделло</kwd><kwd>«Покойный Маттиа Паскаль»</kwd><kwd>«Некто</kwd><kwd>никто и сто тысяч»</kwd><kwd>театр в театре</kwd><kwd>юморизм</kwd><kwd>поэтика жанра</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>L. Pirandello</kwd><kwd>The Late Mattia Pascal [Il fu Mattia Pascal]</kwd><kwd>One</kwd><kwd>No One and One Hundred Thousand [Uno</kwd><kwd>nessuno e centomila]</kwd><kwd>«theatre in theatre»</kwd><kwd>«humorism»</kwd><kwd>the poetics of a genre</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Андреев М. Л. Драмы Пиранделло в истории жанра // Диалог со временем. 2019. № 67. С. 291-298.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Anderson, G. (1982). Il saggista Pirandello lettore di Gabriel Seailles. In: G. Anderson and P. D. Giovanelli, eds., Pirandello saggista. Palermo: Palumbo, pp. 13-21. (In Italian).</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit2"><label>2</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Реизов Б. Г. Роман Луиджи Пиранделло «Покойный Маттиа Паскаль» // Реизов Б. Г. Из истории европейских литератур. Л.: ЛГУ, 1970. 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