The article discusses the interaction of Y. Smelyakov’s (1913–1972) poetry with mass consciousness and describes the major events of the poet’s biography. Milestones on his literary path have been reconstructed, as has his evolution from a carefree lyrical hero into a confident author. The analysis of Smelyakov’s poetry is supplemented with numerous references to everyday Soviet realia. Especially detailed are descriptions of his debut poems, but the author also takes into account the latest interpretation of the poet’s youthful years in the early 1930s. The context of 1920s–1970s Soviet literature is a pivotal element of the analysis. In particular, the author suggests mutual affinity of Smelyakov’s works with the genre of popular sentimental songs, the works of proletarian poets, and the Sixtiers’ poetry. The article recalls the polemics around Smelyakov’s work, especially in the years before the war in 1941 and in the post-Soviet era. Soviet critics often reproached Smelyakov for excessive lyricism, attention to mundane details, and sentimentalism.